BONE TISSUE IS LIFE CHANGES
Osteoclasts remove old bone , the osteoblasts help create new bone . Bone remodeling is completed every 3 to 4 months in healthy young adults . Osteoclasts and osteoblasts become less efficient with age . With osteoporosis , bone loss occurs more rapidly cause thin , weak and brittle bones . During menopause , estrogen levels decrease dramatically , casing faster rate of bone loss .
Osteoclasts remove old bone , the osteoblasts help create new bone . Bone remodeling is completed every 3 to 4 months in healthy young adults . Osteoclasts and osteoblasts become less efficient with age . With osteoporosis , bone loss occurs more rapidly cause thin , weak and brittle bones . During menopause , estrogen levels decrease dramatically , casing faster rate of bone loss .
STATISTICS OSTEOPOROSIS Osteoporosis affects two million Canadians usually 1 in 4 women over age 50 , 1 in 8 people ≈ $ 1.3 billion cost of treatment per year in Canada defects , decreased self-esteem , reduction or loss of mobility , and decreased independence can occur . 80 % of hip fractures are considered osteoporosis . Hip fractures can cause death in up to 20 % of cases , and disability in 50 % of the victims
INSPECTION AND TESTING
Bone Mineral Density ( BMD ) test is the use of bone densitometry , safe painless test for osteoporosis . BMD testing is the most common dual energy xray absorptiometry ( DXA ) . Patients lie on a table for a few minutes while the detector x - ray scan small spine / hip with a very small amount of radiation .
THE ROLE OF VITAMIN D
• Vitamin D - essential for normal growth and development of bones / teeth .
• It helps the body maintain normal levels of calcium and phosphorus to affect absorption in the intestine . Vitamin D3 increases calcium absorption as much as 30-80 percent .
• 25 minutes a day of exposure to sunlight allows the body to make vitamin D. But enough , sunscreen and an increased level of color / melanin in the skin can interfere with this process . It is therefore important to consider the sources of food
• The need for vitamin D also increases after age 50 . It is now recommended that Canadians aged 19 to 50 , including pregnant or breastfeeding women , received 400 international units ( IU ) of vitamin D3 per day . Adults over 50 should receive 800 IU . This level can be obtained with a variety of foods or supplements
OSTEOPOROSIS - Major risk factors Age 65 or more vertebral compression fractures with minimal trauma fracture after age 40 Family history of osteoporotic fractures of the long -term use of glucocorticoid therapy such as prednisone medical condition that inhibits the absorption of nutrients Primary hyperparathyroidism Osteopenia clearly on x - ray hypogonadism ( testosterone in men ↓ , loss of menstrual periods in young women ) early menopause ( before age 45 )
Risk factors for fracture : bone mineral density decreased fragility Before , trauma fractures long term ( > 3 months continuously ) use of glucocorticoid therapy ( prednisone ) Family history of osteoporotic fracture
calcium
Calcium is in almost every cell in the body needs calcium and bone for strength . Calcium is found in the skeleton and teeth , in cells and in the blood . Body carefully organize the supply of calcium to absorb it from the food we eat , take calcium from our bones , or slow down the amount that leaves the body . Its main purpose is to maintain adequate calcium supply to the reservoir ( bone ) has not been exhausted . Bone density depends on the intake of calcium at a young age . The greater the peak bone mass , the less likely to become brittle and fragile bones in later life . Calcium is absorbed less effective as we age , but studies of adults show that adequate calcium intake can slow bone loss and reduce fracture risk .
CALCIUM CONTENT IN FOOD
• Calculate the calcium intake that goes in your body every day and see if you reach the recommended levels .
• Dairy products ( milk , cheese and yogurt ) is an excellent source of calcium , easily absorbed by the body .
• Calcium -fortified soy beverages and orange juice contains as much calcium as milk .
• Vegetables also provide calcium , as well as products containing fish bones ( canned salmon and sardines ) and meat alternatives such as lentils and beans .
• loss of calcium through the urine is expected to increase with excess consumption of salt and caffeine .
• More than 90 % of sodium comes from food and instead of table salt . Therefore , it is recommended to keep the intake of salt and salty foods to a minimum .
• Consuming more than four cups a day of caffeinated drug - coffee , sports drinks , cola drinks can affect the absorption of calcium .
• People who can not afford or choose not to eat dairy foods intake of calcium should monitor carefully and consider calcium supplements to meet their daily needs .
OSTEOPOROSIS AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
• Physical activity - an important factor in risk reduction and treatment of osteoporosis
• Physical activity to assist in building and maintaining bone health , and increase muscle strength .
• Physical activity is placing increasing " burden " or the strength of the bone . Bone responds by forming new bone and remodeling for strength .
• Physical activity improves balance and coordination , reduce the risk of falls that could end up with broken bones . Improved strength , flexibility and posture can relieve pain and allow people with osteoporosis can perform tasks easier everyday .
